Method of forming pipe joints



June 11, 1929. V H, DAVE; 1,716,429

METHOD OF FORMING PIPE JOINTS Original Filed March 2, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet. 1.

1S4 ENilOR ATTORNEYs METHOD OF FORMING PIPE JdINTS Original Filed March2, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTQRNEYS Patented June 11, 19295 Munro srarssoFF ca.

mien DAVIES, or UNION-CITY, NEW Jnnsnir.

METHOD OF FOBMING'PI PE JOINTS.

.Original application "iiled March 2,1927. Serial No. 172,060. Dividedand this application filed September 7, -1927. Serial No. 217,971.

is formedb expanding the end of one of the pipes, tting it over the endof the other pipe, and securing together the overlap ed ends to make thejoint tight. and

lea-proof by wiping? the solder around lo the pipe at the joint. Thesejoints often ofthe device, 1 is a tool-supporting head in --the form ofa flat plate having a central porprove very weak and .faulty owing tothe fact that many plumbers are not suflicientlyskilled to properly'formthem. Frequently .also the working space at the location of thejqint isso limited as to render it difiicult roperly perform the solderingoperation.

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n object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing astrong, durable and simple coupling structure for the end of a lead ipe,adapting the pipe to be joined to'anot er pipe by an ordmary screwcoupling sleeve or other means ordinarily employed for joining hardmetal. ipes. The invention provides for the elimmation of theobjectionable wiped. joint and-its replacement by a strong, satisfactoryjoint which may be readily closed or opened by merely manipulating thecoupling means.

- Another objectof the invention is to provide a method of securing tothe end of-a lead or other soft metal pipe, by pressure and withoutsolder,,a coupling member or members by means of which the lead pipe maybe coupled or connected to the end of another pipe by an ordinarystandardscrew coupling or any other form of coupling means.

This a plication is a division of my pending app ication Serial No.172,060, tiled March 2, 1927.

In the drawmgs Fig. 1 is a side elevation,

artly in section, of an apparatus or device or carrying out my method offorming the pipe joint;

Fig. 2 a transverse section taken on the 1111?} 2-2 of Fig. 1, lookingtoward the rig t; I

Fig. 3 a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, lookingtoward the left; Fi s. 4, 5 and 6 are sectional views taken on tie line6 -6 of Fig. 1, showing threestages of the'forming operation; 7

of cylindrical shape, having element 14 in the form 0 Fig. 7 a detailend view of the forming v tool, parts being broken away; 7

Fig. 8 a perspective view of the end of a lead pipe prepared for joiningit to an-' other pipe;

Fig.9 a sectional view showing a joint between two'lead pipes; and

Fig. 10a sectional view showing a joint between a lead pipe and a hardmetal pipe. Ref er ring-by numerals to the various parts tion circularin outline, and three outwardly the central portion of the plate and thethird ear is located at one side midway between the other two. The plateis centrally formed with a bore 3 in which is mounted a bushin acylindrical portion 5 which is received in the. bore 3, and an integralhead flange 6 4. This bushing is formed with at one end to abut theouter face of the plate 1, and its opposite end is reduced'and threadedas at 7. Threaded upon said reduced end is a nut 8 which forms a'removable 'flange to abut the inner face of the plate '1 and removablyhold the bushing in place. The bushing is formed centrally with alongitudinal, threaded opening 9.

Threaded through the opening 9 of the bushin is the threaded shank 10 ofap ifiieexpan ing and flange-forming tool. he

shank is of materially greater length than the bushing, and is formedwith a reduced outer end 11 which is squared for englage'ment with awrench. Threaded upon t e shank, e-

tween said squared end and the head of t e bushing,- is a check nut 12.Formed u on the'inner end of the'shanklO is a bee 13 eter than theshank. A plpe-entering tool tegrallyfo'rmed with the shank 10 and the amandrel is ina greater diamhead 13 and extends axially from the head.The head is formed with a flat, transverse end face 15 which surroundsthe base or root of themandrehand the mandrel isfiared outwardly orrounded at the root as at 16 to merge with said flat face. v cylindricalfor a material distance outwardly from the root as at 17 and terminatesin a reduced end portion -.A. rounded por- The mandrel is 5 around thetool axis. These grooves form the greater portion of a circle in crossseetion and extend inwardly for a slight (llS- tance beneath the flaredroot 16 of the mandrel and outwardly through the periphery of the head13. Mounted in each groove 20 is a cylindrical roller 21. These rollersextend substantially the full length of the grooves and their inner endsunderlie the outwardly flared portion 16 at the root of the mandrel. Aportion of the periphery of each roller extends outwardly a slightdistance beyond the flat face 15 and said projecting portions are alltangent to the same transverse plane. The cross-scctional form 20 of thegrooves prevents the rollers from dropping out through the flat face 15and a retaining ring 22 is secured upon the head 13 to close the outerends of the grooves and prevent endwise displacement of "the rollers. Apipe-holding clamp or chuck 23 is held to the tool-holding plate in afixed spaced relation thereto by three spacing bolts 24. At one endthese bolts are formed with reduced threaded ends 25 which passthroughapertures formed in the ears 2 of the plate. Nuts 26 are threaded uponthese reduced ends to bear against the outer face of the plate andrigidly hold the bolts to the plate. The clamp 23 is formed with a rigidsection 27 .and a hinged section 28. These sections are so formed thatwhen the clamp is )closed they form a substantially cylindrical bore 29in axialalinement with the tool.

The bolts 24 are formed with reduced ends 30 which pass throughapertures in the clamp section 27 The uppermost bolt, with reference toFigs. 1 and 2, passes entirely through the clamp section 27 and has anut 31 threaded upon its outer end to bear against the outer face ofsaid section. The lowermost bolt passes through two apertured hinge earsor knuckles 32 formed on the section 27, and through an apertured hingeear or knuckle 33 formed upon the clamp section 28. The latter sectionpivots upon the bolt and is thereby hinged to the'rigid section 27. Anut 31 is also threaded upon this bolt. The intermediate bolt, at theside, is

threaded part-way into a threaded aperture" 34 formed in the section 27.The section 27 is thus rigidly connected to the tool support 1.

The sections 27 and 28 are formed to separate along a .diametrical planeextending through the upper and lower bolts 24:, and in the bore-29 ismounted a split bushing 35 formed in halves which are removably mountedin the sections 27 and 28 respectively. When the clamp is closed thebush I 55 ing defines a. cylindrical bore 36 in axial alinement with thetool and of a size to grip the pipe which is to be operated upon by thetool. Swiveled upon the upper bolt 24; is an eye-bolt 37. The section 27is notched to accommodate the eye of said bolt 87 and the section'28 isformed with a notch 38 to receive the shank of the eye-bolt. A. nut 39is threaded upon the shank to draw the clamp section 28 toward thesection 27. Each section is formed at. its outer side with a threadedsocket 40 into which is screwed the end of a bar 41 of any suitablelength for holding the device. These bars extend out from the clamp atdiametrically opposite points.

'llhedcvice is operated as follows: A loud pipe L is placed in the clampbushing.

Upon the pipe is placed a coupling sleeve- 12 formed of relativelyhardmetahsuvh as brass, for example. One end of thissleere is bottomedagainst an abutment face 43 formed upon the bushing 35 and the pipe isleft with its end projecting from the sleeve inwardly toward the tool anextent depemh ing upon the size of a flange which is to be formed uponthe pipe. The clamp then closed and caused to tightly grip the pipe byturning the nut 89. The proportions of the tool bear a definite relationto the diameter of the pipe, both the tool and the clamp bushing beingremovable from the body of the device and replaceable by other tools andbushings to fit. pipes of different. sizes. Nhen the'pipe has beenfirmly clamped the bars 11 are grasped and a Wrench, preferably aratchet one, is engaged with the squared end 11 of the tool shank toturn the tool and advance it toward the pipe. The check nut 12 islocated back upon the tool shank sufliciently to avoid obstructing theadvance thereof. The headG of the thread ed bushing 4 is provided withflat faces whereby it maybe held if it tends to turn during the initialmovement of the tool.

The reduced end 18 of the tool is of a size to freely enter the pipe L.The portion 17' of the tool following the reduced end is larger than theinternal diameter of the pipe. When it is forced into the pipe,therefore, the pipe will be expanded or spread, and forced into intimatecontact and binding engagement with the entire interior surface of thecoupling sleeve 42 as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. When the mandrel 14 hasprogressed through 'the pipe a certain distance the rollers 21 come intoengagement with the annular endedge of the pipe, and as the rotation andadvance of the tool continues the lead forming theend of the pipe isupset by compression, forced back upon the outer end of the couplingsleeve 42 and ironed by the rollers to mold it into the form of anoutwardly extendingflange as shown in Fig. 5. The coupling sleeve isfirmly held against endwise movement away tightly bind it to t 4. Thebushing is shank to rotate with rotated without ad 21 revolve in thesame the surface of the flange .metal couplin stituted for t sleeve. 42is internally threaded to receive s engagement with the.

ange-forming op- 15 operation th cally held against roto the reactionwhich 1 the shank and forces t the platel, and the bushing and in saidplate. In actual has been found that the t to hold. the bushing If incertain operations, ling is caused to turn, it ively locked by insertinginto enings formed in the pe- 8 a small rod of suflif the bolts 24.forming operationof'the tool. has produced a flange of the proper thecheck nut 12 is screwed forward to he head 6 of thebushing thus bound tothe tool it. The tool is then 'ng it and the rollers. plane andflattenout togive it a good, finish. When this finishing operad the tool isretracted :and

d to. free the pipe from from the too abutment 43 eration. During thbushing 4 is automati tation by friction due is transmitted througl theflange Stightly agains also by the friction its bearing surface use ofthe device it friction is suflicie during the fl may be posit one ofseveral op riphery of the flange cient length to en When the flangegageone 0 tion is complete the clamp is opene the device.

' The pipe end now Fig. 8, havi firmly backe pling sleeve 4 has the formshown in -turned lead flange F (1 up. by the hard metal cou- 2. Theexpanding pressure of pressure of the rollers nge cause the opposedsurng and pipe to become ind frozen together so that dly attached permae pipe end.

two lead pipes joined by my The end of the hich the flange F exd to forma flange flan e forms an abutment shoulder 44 which is engaged by theinng flange 45 of a threaded on member 46. The comis formed with aflange F' flange F and backed up by a This sleeve has its outturnedthreaded for engagement with the unlon member 46.- CWhen said member isscrewed tight the lead flange form gaskets between the ends pipes andare, held firmly together to make a good joint. J

In Fig. 10 a lead pipe and a metal, such as brass for case the sleeve"42, the member 4 flange F are the same as formerly.

sleeve 42? is, however, subie coupling sleeve-.42. The

the mandrel and the informing the fla faces of the coupli timatelyunited an the sleeve becomes a rigi nent part of th Fig. 9 showsimproved joint struct coupling sleeve over w tends is slightly 44. Thislatter against the outer end of the sleeve.

wardly extendi coupling or, uni panion pipe L similar to the s F. andF'. ofthe joined is shown a joint structure for pipe formed of hardexample. In this the threadedend of the brass pipe B and is formed todirectly abut the flange F of the lead pipe L. Both of thejointsdescribed upon the pipe in an inwardly spaced posi-.

tion, clear of the clamp 23, as indicated in dotted lines inFig. 6.

What I claim is:

consisting in placing a coupling sleeve f0rmed of hard metal upon a pipeformed of relatlvelysoft metal, in a position spaced inwardly fromtheend of the pipe to leave the pipe projecting to an extentcorrespond-- ing'to the size of aflange to be formed thereon; holdingthe sleeve against inward movement upon the pipe; expanding the pipewithin the sleeve; and forming =said projectin portion of the pipe intoan outwardly 'exten ing flange against the outer end of the sleeve.

formed of hard metal upon a pipe formed of relatively soft metal, in apositron spaced inwardly from the end of the pipe to leave the pipeprojecting to n extent corresponding to the size of a flan tobe formedthereon; holding the sleeve against inward movement upon the pipe;expanding the pipe within the sleeve to bind and freeze it thereto; andforming said pro ecting portion of the pipe into an outwardly extendingflange 3. The method of forming a pipe cou ling consisting in placing acoupling s eeve formed of hard metal upon a pipe formed of relativelysoft metal in a position spaced inwardl from the end of the pipe toleave the pipe projecting to an extent corresponding to the size of theflange to be formed thereon; holding the sleeve. against inward movementupon the pipe; expanding the ipe within the sleeve to ind it thereto;and

orming said projecting portion ofthe ,pipe

into an outwardly extending flange against the outer end of the sleeveand-uniting the soft metal flange to the outer end 0 sleeve by pressureapplied by rolling means. i 4. The method of forming 'a pipe-joint,consisting in placing a coupling sleeve Orined of hard metal upon a leadpipe in a osi-- tion spaced inwardly from the endo the pipe toleavethepipe projecting to an extent corresponding to the size of a flange beformed thereon; holding the sleeve against inward finovement upon thepipe; applying an endwise pressure upon the projecting en the pipe toupset thedead thereof by 1. The method of forming a pipe coupling 2.-The method of forming a pipe coupling consisting in placing a couplingsleeve 1 theforming tool element during sa1d revolution,

against the outer e compressive stress; and forming said end into acircular outwardly extending flange d of the sleeve as the lead isupset.

5. The method of forming a pipe joint consisting in placing a couplingsleeve formed of hard position spaced inwardly from the end of the pipeto leave the latter projecting to an extent corresponding to the size ofa flange to be formed thereon; holding the sleeve against inwardmovement upon the pipe and mechanically molding the lead of theprojecting pipe end into a fiat circular flange against the outer end ofsaid sleeve.

6. The method of forming a pipe joint, consisting in placing a couplingsleeve formed of hard metal upon a pipe of relativel Warclly from thepipe end to leavethe pipe projecting from the sleeve to an extentcorresponding to the size of a flange to be formed thereon; holding thesleeve against endwise inward movement upon the pipe; inserting a toolelement into the pipe end to expand the pipe Within the sleeve and bindit thereto; placing a flange-forming tool element in contactwith the endedge of the pipe and relatively revolving it around the pipe axis;relatively feeding the flangeand pipe axially toward each other wherebythe projecting Will be compressed and upon the outerend of portion ofthe pipe formed into a flange the coupling sleeve;

metal upon a lead pipe in athe end of the'pipe to leave soft material inaposition spaced in-' and relatively rotating the flange-forming elementand pipe Without said axial feed'to finish the flange. v

7. The method of forming a pipe joint, consisting in placing a sleeveformed of hard metal upon a lead pipe in a position spaced inwardly fromthe pipe end to leave the pipe projecting from the sleeve; applyingpressure to the projecting pipe end to mold the lead thereof into acircular flange against the outer end of said sleeve; and flattening theouter face of said said flange by rolling means.

8. The method of forming a pipe coupling consisting in placing acoupling sleeve upon inwardly from the pipe projecting from the sleeveto an extent corresponding to thesize of the flange to be formed;holding the sleeve against inward movement upon the pipe; inserting atool element into the pipe end to expand the pipe and bind it to thesleeve; placing a flange-forming tool element in contact with the endedge of the pipe and relatively revolving it around the pipe axis; andrelative- 1y feeding the tool and pipe axially toward each other duringsaid revolution to compress the projecting end of. the pipe and form itinto an outwardly extending flange upon the outer end of the couplingsleeve.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aifix my si nature.

a pipe in a position spaced HUGH DAVIES.

